Skip to main content

Conditionals & Control Flow

● STABLE(if/elif/else branching, ternary expressions, 3-part for loops, do-while loops, and built-in array iterators)

AdeshLang provides powerful control flow constructs, including boolean branching (if/elif/else), ternary selection (? :), while loops, guaranteed-execution do-while loops, classic 3-part for loops, and multi-variable loop initialization.

1. Boolean Branching (if, elif, else) & Ternary Expressions​

Branches execute code based on boolean evaluation without requiring parentheses around conditions.

Code Example​

let score = 85;

// 1. If / Elif / Else Branching
if score >= 90 {
    print("Grade: A (Distinction)");
} elif score >= 80 {
    print("Grade: B (Merit)");
} elif score >= 70 {
    print("Grade: C (Pass)");
} else {
    print("Grade: F (Fail)");
}

// 2. Inline Ternary Expression
let resultStatus = score >= 60 ? "PASS" : "FAIL";
print("Evaluation Status:", resultStatus);

Terminal Output​

Grade: B (Merit)
Evaluation Status: PASS

Breakdown​

  • if cond { ... } elif cond { ... } else { ... }: Evaluates conditions in order. Execution flows into the first block returning true.
  • Ternary Operator (cond ? true_val : false_val): Compact inline expression returning one of two values.

2. Classic & Multi-Variable C-Style For Loops​

AdeshLang supports traditional 3-part for loops (init; condition; post-step), as well as multi-variable initializers and multi-step updates.

Code Example​

// 1. Standard 3-part for loop
print("Standard 3-part for loop:");
for (let i = 0; i < 4; i = i + 1) {
    print("  Index i =", i);
}

// 2. Multi-variable initialization & multi-step iteration
print("Multi-variable for loop:");
for (let i = 0, j = 10; i < j; i = i + 2, j = j - 2) {
    print("  i =", i, "| j =", j);
}

Terminal Output​

Standard 3-part for loop:
  Index i = 0
  Index i = 1
  Index i = 2
  Index i = 3
Multi-variable for loop:
  i = 0 | j = 10
  i = 2 | j = 8
  i = 4 | j = 6

Breakdown​

  • for (init; cond; post): Executes init once, checks cond before every iteration, and runs post after every loop body completion.
  • Multi-variable Loop Headers: let i = 0, j = 10 initializes multiple loop counters, while i = i + 2, j = j - 2 steps multiple variables per iteration.

3. Guaranteed-Execution Do-While Loops​

Unlike while loops, do-while loops guarantee at least one execution of the loop body before testing the termination condition.

Code Example​

let attempts = 0;

do {
    attempts = attempts + 1;
    print("Executing attempt #", attempts);
} while (attempts < 3);

print("Total attempts completed:", attempts);

Terminal Output​

Executing attempt # 1
Executing attempt # 2
Executing attempt # 3
Total attempts completed: 3

Breakdown​

  • do { body } while (condition);: Executes the inner block first, then tests condition. If true, execution loops back to the start of the block.

4. Built-in Array Iteration (forEach)​

Array instances provide built-in iteration methods like forEach for cleanly processing elements without manual index management.

Code Example​

let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry", "Dragonfruit"];

fruits.forEach(fn(item) {
    print("Fruit:", item);
});

Terminal Output​

Fruit: Apple
Fruit: Banana
Fruit: Cherry
Fruit: Dragonfruit

Breakdown​

  • array.forEach(fn(element)): Invokes an anonymous or named callback function for every element in the array.